MAGNETITE- AND ILMENITE-SERIES OF GRANITIC ROCKS AND THEIR POTENTIAL NIOBIUM AND TANTALUM MINERALIZATION WITHIN THE UKRAINIAN SHIELD

O. Grinchenko; S. Bondarenko; І. Ashirova; T. Mironchuk

Authors

O. Grinchenko Institute of Geology, Taras Schevchenko National University of Kyiv 90 Vasylkivska Str., Kyiv, 03022 Ukraine
S. Bondarenko Institute of Geochemistry, Mineralogy and Ore Formation NAS of Ukraine 34 Аcad. Palladina Ave., Kyiv – 142, 03680, Ukraine
І. Ashirova Institute of Geology, Taras Schevchenko National University of Kyiv 90 Vasylkivska Str., Kyiv, 03022 Ukraine
T. Mironchuk Institute of Geology, Taras Schevchenko National University of Kyiv 90 Vasylkivska Str., Kyiv, 03022 Ukraine

Keywords:

Abstract

The paper discusses differentiating between different types of granites that occur within the territory of the Ukrainian Shied. The classification in the article partly follows the principles formulated in the early taxonomies of granites, among which are the classifications proposed by Ishihara [11], Chappel and White [4], and a lower classification proposed by Tomurko and Shcherbakov [20]. The latter made an attempt to single out two contrasting granite varieties – apobasitic and apopelitic granites – that are commonly found within the Ukrainian Shield. Grouping granites into different genetic types runs into difficulties due to heterogeneous origin of these formations, which results from merging parental mantle with crustal sources. Nevertheless, such classification might be used in making an accurate prediction about metallogenic specialization of different genetic types of granites. The redox state of granites formation is a major factor that can largely affect possible metal concentration in them. Based on this parameter granites can be classified into ilmenite and magnetite series of granites, which differ in geological environment of their formation [6, 11] and mineralization associated with them [1]. Within the territory of the Ukrainian Shield there can be distinguished entire provinces with distinct distribution of mostly ilmenite or magnetite series of granites that reveal different ways of ore mineralization associated with them. Columbite-tantalites are common ore minerals found within these series of granites, with niobium and tantalum being characterised by close lithofillic affinity to these formations. Within the Ukrainian Shield, columbite-tantalites were found in granites and associated rare-metal pegmatites, in some apogranitic metasomatites (greisens, quartzites, perthosites), and also in alkaline rocks of various origin. It is determined the basic features of columbite-tantalites, with Та/Nb value, Fe/Mn ratio and presence of admixture elements to have close genetic relation to different granite series. The features of mineralization, defined to be typomorphic of ilmenite and magnetite series of granites, might be used to improve survey and exploration carried out in the Ukrainian Shield.

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