ДОСЛІДЖЕННЯ СУЧАСНОГО РОЗВИТКУ ПОВЕРХНІ ПАКШ–ДУНАКЕМЛЕДСЬКИХ ЛЕСОВИХ ВИСОКИХ (НАДЗАПЛАВНИХ) БЕРЕГІВ

А. Мадьяр; С. Фабіан; І. Ковач; Г. Варга; Б. Радванські; М. Ковач; М. Шобуcкі

doi:10.17721/1728-2713.65.02

Authors

A. Magyar Institute of Geography, Faculty of Science, University of Pécs, H-7624, 6 Ifjúság Str., Hungary
Sz. Á. Fábián Institute of Geography, Faculty of Science, University of Pécs, H-7624, 6 Ifjúság Str., Hungary
I. P. Kovács Institute of Geography, Faculty of Science, University of Pécs, H-7624, 6 Ifjúság Str., Hungary
G. Varga Institute of Geography, Faculty of Science, University of Pécs, H-7624, 6 Ifjúság Str., Hungary
B. Radvánszky Erasmus Mundus Partnership for Belarus, Ukraine and Moldova (EMP-AIM) at theFaculty of Geography, Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, 2A Prospekt Hluskhova, Kyiv, Ukraine
M. Kovács Doctoral School of Earth Sciences, University of Pécs, H-7624, 6 Ifjúság Str., Hungary
M. Sobucki Institute of Geography and Spatial Management, Jagiellonian University in Krakow, 730-387 Gronostajowa Str., Krakow, Poland

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.17721/1728-2713.65.02

Keywords:

mass movements, lateral erosion, landslide, loess, Danube, Quaternary

Abstract

The constantly recurring mass movements are highlighted geohazards of Hungary. Surface movements of these types have been posing risk and danger to several high bluff stretches on the right bank of the Danube over the past 50 years. One of the most affected areas is located around Dunakömlőd. The Danube has been eroding laterally the loess, and loess-type formations of the high bluffs for at least 10 thousand years. Former engineering geological studies primarily analyzed the bluffs around and in the town of Paks. Recently new movements have been identified in Dunakömlőd where detailed geomorphological studies have not yet been carried out hitherto. Analyses and exploration of surface movements are particularly important for regional development plans, local government projects and especially for the safety of local residents. The embankment regression rate was estimated based on the location of the ruins of Lussonium, an ancient Roman fort. The mapping of recent movements was based on questionnaire and multiple field surveys. During our studies we also analyzed and mapped the age and building material of the damaged houses. Our results indicate that 19% of the residential buildings have suffered severe damages due to the surface movement over the last decade. The north and west-facing slopes of the Vörösmalom-árok are the most severely damaged areas in Dunakömlőd. We concluded that in addition to the directly erodible edge of the high bluffs, the background areas are also jeopardized by land movements due to improper selection of property development sites.

References

Ádám L., Marosi S., Szilárd J., (1959). A Mezőföld természeti földrajza (Physical Geography of Mezőföld). Akadémiai Kiadó, Budapest, 214-216.

Balla Z., (2009). A Coriolis-erő hatása folyókra a magyar szakirodalomban (The influence of the Coriolis force on the rivers in Hungarian geoscience). Annual Report of the Institute of Geology for 2007, Budapest, 79-84.

Boengiu S., Avram S., Vladut A., (2009). The influence of climate on gravitational processes within the Jiu river valley: G.I.S. applications. Central European Journal of Geosciences, 1(3), 303-311.

Boengiu S., Torok-Oance M., Vîlcea C., (2013). Deep Seated Landslides of Seciurile (Getic Piedmont, Romania) and Its Implication for the Settlement. In: Margottini C., Canuti P., Sassa K. (eds). Landslide Science and Practice Vol. 7: Social and Economic Impact and Policies. Springer Verlag, Heidelberg, 113-119.

Borsy Z., (1990). Evolution of the Alluvial Fans of the Alföld. In: Rachocki A.H., Church M. (eds). Alluvial Fans. John Willey and Sons, 229-245.

Bugya T., Fábián Sz.Á., Görcs N.L., Kovács I.P., Radvánszky B., (2011). Surface changes on a landslide affected high bluff in Dunaszekcső (Hungary). Central European Journal of Geosciences, 3(2), 119-128.

Bulla B., (1937). Der pleistozäne Löss im Karpathenbecken. Földtani Közlöny, 68(1-3), 33-58.

Fábián Sz.Á., (2003). Geomorphological hazards of the lower reaches of Danube in Hungary. Geomorphologia Slovaca 3(2), 77-80.

Fodor T., Horváth Zs., Scheuer Gy., Schweitzer F., (1981). Dunakömlőd-Paks közötti dunai magaspart mérnökgeológiai térképezése és vizsgálata (Engineering geological mapping and analysis of a Danubian bluff between Dunakömlőd and Paks). Földtani Közlöny, 111(2), 258-280.

Gábris Gy., Nádor A., (2007). Long-term fluvial archives in Hungary: response of the Danube and Tisza rivers to tectonic movements and climatic changes during the Quaternary: a review and new synthesis. Quaternary Sciences Reviews, 26, 2758-2782.

Hertelendi E., Petz R., Scheuer Gy., Schweitzer F., (1991). Radiocarbon age of the formation in the Paks-Szekszárd depression. In: Pécsi M., Schweitzer F. (eds). Quaternary environment in Hungary: contribution of the Hungarian National Committee to the XIIIth INQUA Congress Beijing, China. Akadémiai Kiadó, Budapest, 85-89.

Horváth E., (2001). Marker horizons in the loesses of the Carpathian Basin. Quaternary International, 76, 157-163.

Jámbor Á., Rálischné Fergenhauer E., (2002). A Közép-dunai terület kvarter talpszint térképe szerkesztésének eredménye (Results of the edition of the base level map of the Central-Danubian area). Annual Report of the Institute of Geology for 1997–1998, Budapest, 161-175.

Karácsonyi S., Scheuer Gy., (1972). A dunai magaspartok építésföldtani problémái (Engineering geological problems of high banks along the Danube). Földtani Kutatás, 15, 71-83.

Kleb B., Fodor T., (1986). Magyarország mérnökgeológiai áttekintése (Engineering geomorphology overview of Hungary). Műszaki Könyvkiadó, Budapest, 199. c.

Kleb B., Schweitzer F., (2001). A Duna csuszamlásveszélyes magaspartjainak településkörnyezeti hatásvizsgálata. (Settlement environmental impact assessment of landslide hazarded bluffs along Danube). In: Ádám A., Meskó A. (eds.) Földtudományok és a földi folyamatok kockázati tényezői (Risk factors of Earth processes and earth sciences). Magyar Tudományos Akadémia, Budapest, 169-193.

Kovács J., Fábián Sz.Á., Varga G., Újvári G., Varga Gy., Dezső J., (2011). Plio-Pleistocene red clay deposits in the Pannonian Basin: A review. Quaternary International, 240, 35-43.

Lóczy D., Balogh J., Ringer Á., (1989). Landslide hazard induced by river undercutting along the Danube. Supplementi di Geografia Fisica e Dinamica Quaternaria, 2, 5-11.

Lóczy D., Fábián Sz.Á., Schweitzer F., (2008). Riveraction and landslides in Hungary. In: Basu S.R, De S.K. (eds). Issues in Geomorphology and Environment, ABC. Kolkata, 1-15.

Lóczy D., Juhász Á., (1996). Hungary. In: Embleton C., EmbletonHamann C. (eds). Geomorphological hazards of Europe. Elsevier, Amsterdam, 243-262.

Marosi S., Schweitzer F., (1997). Geomorfológiai vizsgálatok Paks környékén (Geomorphological studies near Paks). In: Marosi S., Meskó A. (eds). A Paksi Atomerőmű földrengésbiztonsága. Akadémiai Kiadó, Budapest, 153-175

Pécsi M., (1959). A magyarországi Duna-völgy kialakulása és felszínalaktana (The developement and geomorphology of the Danube valley in Hungary). Akadémiai Kiadó, Budapest, 122-152; 153-186.

Pécsi M., (1975). A magyarországi löszszelvények litosztratigráfiai tagolása (Lithorstratigraphical subdivision of the loess sequences in Hungary). Földrajzi Közelmények, 23(3-4), 217-230.

Pécsi M., (1985). The Neogenered clays of the Carpathian Basin. Studies in Geogr. in Hungary, Akadémiai Kiadó, Budapest, 89-98.

Pécsi M., (1986). Stratigraphical subvision of Hungarian young and old loess. Annales Univ. M. Curie-Sklodowska, Sectio B., 41, 67-85.

Pécsi M., (1991). A magyarországi Duna-völgy teraszai és szintjei (Terraces and levels of the Danube valley in Hungary). In: Pécsi M. (ed). Geomorfológia és domborzatminősítés (Geomorphology and landformqualification). Geographical Research Institute, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Budapest, 36-47

Pécsi M., (1993). Negyedkor és löszkutatás (Quaternary and loessresearch). Akadémiai Kiadó, Budapest, 375 c.

Pécsi M., (1997). Lösz- és őstalajsorozatok és a negyedidőszaki ősföldrajzi változások kutatásának elvi, módszertani kérdései (Conceptual and methodological issues of the loes-, paleosoil series and of the quaternarian paleoenvironment changing research). In: Haas J. (ed). Fülöp József-emlékkönyv. Akadémia Kiadó, Budapest, 263-279.

Scheuer Gy., (1979). A dunai magaspartok mérnökgeológiai vizsgálata (Engineering geological investigation of the high banks of the Danube). Földtani Közlöny, 109, 230-254.

.Schweitzer F., Szöőr Gy., (1997). Geomorphological and stratigraphical significance of Pliocenered clay in Hungary. Zeitschrift für Geomorphologie, 110, 95-105.

Somogyi S., (2001). Természeti és társadalmi hatások a Duna mai vízrendszerében. (Natural and social impacts in the recent hydrological system of Danube). Földrajzi Értesítő, 50(1-4), 299-309.

Szabó J., (1996). Csuszamlásos folyamatok szerepe a magyarországi tájak geomorfológiai fejlődésében (The role of landsliding in the geomorphic evolution of landscapes in Hungary). Kossuth Egyetemi Kiadó, Debrecen, 223 c.

Thiel C., Horváth E., Frechen M., (2014). Revisiting the loess/paleosolsequence in Paks, Hungary: A post-IR IRSL based chronology for the 'Young Loess Series'. Quaternary International, 319, 88-98.

Tóth L., Győri F., Mónus P., Zsíros T., (2006). Seismic Hazard in the Pannonian region. In: Pinter N, Grenerczy Gy., Weber J., Stein S., Medak D. (eds). The Adria Microplate: GPS Geodesy, Tectonixs, and Hazards. Springer Verlag, NATO ARW Series, 61, 369-384.

Trofymchuk O., Kalyukh Y., Hlebchuk H., (2013). Mathematical and GIS-modeling of landslides in Kharkiv Region of Ukraine. In: Margottini C., Canuti P., Sassa K. (eds). Landslide Science and Practice Vol. 7: Social and Economic Impact and Policies. Springer Verlag, Heidelberg, 347-352.

Visy Zs., (2000). A ripa Pannonica Magyarországon (The Ripa Pannonica in Hungary). Akadémiai Kiadó, Budapest, 144 c.