Petrophysical qualities of rocks within the Tomakiv gravity maximum
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.17721/1728-2713.113.04Keywords:
Ukrainian Shield, gravitational field, Tomakiv Gravity Maximum, petrophysical properties, structural-tectonic constructureAbstract
Background. The article presents the results of studying the stock and archival materials of geological organizations regarding the physical properties of rocks within the Tomakiv Gravity Maximum (TGM), which is located in the central part of the Middle Dnieper megablock of the Ukrainian Shield. The results of previous geological and geophysical studies, which were obtained in the early 90s of the last century, did not provide an answer to its nature. Therefore, the task of the study was to analyze the materials of petrophysical properties of Precambrian formations on their surface and along the Tomakiv deep well shaft TG-1 to a depth of 2000 m. The aim was also to study the features of the geological structure of the Tomakiv deep well shaft.
Methods. The research was based on the stock and archival materials of the geological organizations "Pivdenukrgeologiya" and "Dniprogeofizika" regarding the physical properties of the rocks that make up the Precambrian surface and section of the Tomakiv Gravity Maximum. Materials of petrophysical properties of Precambrian formations along the shaft of the Tomakiv deep well TG-1 to a depth of 2000 m were carefully collected, analyzed, and reinterpreted from the standpoint of modern hypotheses. Based on statistical processing, magnetic-density properties were combined into a unified petrophysical database.
Results. For the first time, a consistent magnetic-density classification of rocks of the Tomakiv Gravity Maximum and sides of greenstone structures has been obtained, covering more than 30 rock varieties. The existing petrophysical lateral heterogeneity of the structure and its changes in the upper part of the earth's crust are explained by an increase in the percentage composition in terms of its densest components, and not by the influence of the density gradient with depth. The properties of magnetite-containing varieties of biotite migmatites, aplite-pegmatoid granites, and biotite plagiomigmatites are significantly reduced compared to the data of planar sampling. This feature is due to the depletion of magnetite in these varieties within local gravity maxima. Two intervals with a thickness of the first hundreds of meters with increased density values and three intervals with high magnetization values are noted. From a depth of 1700–1800 m to the bottom of this well, a regular increase in the density and magnetization of crystalline rocks is noted. In magnetic terms, along the wellbore, three clearly defined intervals of highly magnetic rocks with a thickness of up to 100 m each at depths of 100–200 m, 1200–1300 m, and 1400–1500 m are distinguished, which is due to the predominance of magnetic varieties of biotite granites, biotite plagiomigmatites, and amphibolites.
Conclusions. The obtained results, which summarize a significant number of physical properties of the samples, allow for more detailed mapping of the Precambrian surface using gravimagnetic fields during geological exploration in search of minerals. The results of studying the physical properties of the geological section to a depth of 2000 m allow for a new consideration of the features of the deep nature of the Tomakiv Gravity Maximum when modeling its structure using gravitational and magnetic fields.
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